In-migrant rural residents, i.e. people who live in the countryside but declare urban origin, account for about 8% of all rural residents.

Over a half of Poles think that priests, due to the character of the organisation they serve, should not express publicly their private opinion on other than religion-related topics. Even more (almost two-thirds) believe that it is inappropriate for priests to criticise their hierarchs in public. In priest Lemanski case, however, those who heard about the issue more often took priest Lemanski’s side (27%) rather than archbishop Hoser’s (8%). Twenty eight percent of these interviewees think that both sides are partly right. The highest percentage does not know how to assess this situation (37%).

The majority of Poles (62%) appreciate democratic system and agree with the statement that it is superior to any other form of government. However, an opinion on the issue of ‘exporting’ the system is divided. Two fifths of interviewees (40%) think that democratic countries should aim to advance democracy into non-democratic countries. Slightly bigger group (43%) is against that idea.

Governmental proposals regarding OFE (Open Pension Funds) are met rather with critical than positive reactions. Two fifths of interviewees (40%) think that planned changes are going in the wrong direction and only one in eleven (9%) believes the opposite. About a half of all interviewees do not know how to assess the proposed changes (22%) or have not heard about them at all (29%).

The vast majority of interviewees (83%) believe that corruption in public institutions is a serious problem, with 40% saying it is very serious. Only one in ten respondents (10%) thinks it is not a significant phenomenon.

Polish-Ukrainian mutual history is considered rather as a potential source of conflicts than a base for good neighbour relations. Over a half of respondents (54%) believes that past common experiences divide both nations. Only one in four (24%) thinks that history joins the Poles and the Ukrainians.

Currently in Poland an opinion that everybody may undertake studies is prevalent. Almost four fifths of respondents (78%) regards higher education as an admass phenomenon, with almost a half (47%) strongly expressing their opinion. Opposite attitude is expressed by one fifth of interviewees (18%).

To investigate social moods the CBOS uses indicators such as: assessment of current political and economic situation, forecasts for these aspects as well as opinions on economic situation of respondents’ workplaces and quality of living in their households. In order to illustrate the dynamism of changes quarterly balances are presented against a background of the previous months.

On 1 July the Poles will face the waste collection revolution. It will change the rules for all- those who had their waste collection contracts signed as well as those discarding their rubbish in an unlawful way. Just few weeks before the so called “waste collection act” becoming effective vast majority of Poles (96%) admits that they are well-informed about the changes of the rules regarding waste management. The majority (57%) knows also how much they will pay for their waste collection.

In September 2014, according to the changes in the Act of Education six-year-olds (and not seven-year-olds as now) will compulsory start school education. The reform has been criticised by some groups. Organisers of the initiative „Ratuj Maluchy” (“Save the little ones”) collected almost a million signatures under the petition for holding a referendum on this issue. The Parliament will decide if a referendum is going to be held. The government is against it.

The opinion that shale gas is environmentally friendly has been reinforced in Polish society. At present over a half of adult Poles (51%) shares this opinion. It is an eight percent increase since 2011. On the other hand percentage of those who are afraid of its impact on human health has also increased (6% increase, 19% of all interviewees). There is still a significant group of people who are not able to assess if it is dangerous to extract this unconventional source of energy.

Online shopping is on the increase in Poland. Three quarters of Internet users (75%, i.e. 45% of all interviewees) have ever bought something on the net, with two fifths (42%, i.e. 25% of all) buying something last month. At least one in four Internet users (27%) has sold something online at least once.

Recently there has been an ongoing debate on the issue of religious slaughter in Poland. Religious slaughter is a practice of slaughtering livestock in accordance with Muslim and Jewish religious laws which require killing animals without stunning.

The Mother's Day is celebrated in Poland on 26th May. On that occasion we asked Poles about their relationships with parents. For interviewees it was a sentimental journey in time. We did not ask about present relationships but about their childhood and teenage memories. Almost all of our interviewees (92%) keep a memory of a close relationship with their mothers, with half (51%) describing it as very close.